ABSTRACT
We studied the disinfection effect of a new ultraviolet (UV) sterilizer and its utilization on ultrasound probe surfaces. Carrier quantitative germicidal tests, simulated on-the-spot trials, and organic substance influence tests were used to carry out experimental observation. Artificially infected probes were disinfected using the sterilizer or a germicidal lamp for comparison. The total number and types of bacteria were determined and identified. Our results demonstrated the sterilizer had the best disinfection effect among three different disinfection methods in hospital. The sterilizer has been used in a hospital setting for 2 years with no notable damage to the ultrasound probe instrument. It has the advantages of fast disinfection, high disinfection effect, and good compatibility with the ultrasound instrument, worthy of being a promoted application in medical institutions.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections , Microbiology , Colony Count, Microbial , Cross Infection , Microbiology , Disinfection , Methods , Equipment Contamination , Sterilization , Surface Properties , Ultrasonography , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
Objective To prepare everolimus self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (Everolimus-SMEDDS) and evaluate its physicochemical properties.Methods Everolimus-SMEDDS were developed by using rational blends of components with good solubilizing ability for everolimus which were selected based on solubility investigation.Then, pseudo-ternary phase diagram was constructed to determine the self-emulsifying region.The appearance, morphology, particle size distribution, Zeta potential and in vitro drug release behavior of Everolimus-SMEDDS were investigated after being diluted by water.Results An optimal Everolimus-SMEDDS consisting of ethylis oleas, Solutol HS 15 and propylene glycol were identified, and the optimum proportion was 8∶1∶1.Upon mixing with water, Everolimus-SMEDDS formed a clear and transparent microemulsion solution with homogeneous small spherical as seen in transmission electron microscopy.Particle size and Zeta potential of Everolimus-SMEDDS were found to be (48.7±25.1) nm and (-14.2±2.5) mV, respectively.The in vitro release profile indicated that the accumulated release of everolimus in SMEDDS reached up to nearly 100% within 30 min.Conclusion The in vitro dissolution of everolimus was remarkably improved by SMEDDS.It can provide reference for the new dosage form of everolimus.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare inhibitory effects of recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein with bisphosphonate treatment (ALN) on osteoclasts activity and bone loss in ovariectomized mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four female KM mice were ovariectomized bilaterally and treated with recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein, alendronate, or PBS. Twelve weeks later, body weight, biochemical markers of bone metabolism, Micro CT scan and bone morphology were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 weeks administration, the Micro CT scan and bone morphology values of each group were as follow. The control group: BMD (92.600 +/- 14.319) mg/cc, Tb.Th (0.094 +/- 0.011) mm, Tb.Sp (0.455 +/- 0.124) mm, BVF 0.192 +/- 0.023, SMI 1.388 +/- 0.328; the recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein group: BMD (133.050 +/- 13.022) mg/cc, Tb.Th (0.098 +/- 0.009) mm, Tb.Sp (0.365 +/- 0.105) mm,BVF (0.291 +/- 0.025)%, SMI 0.661 +/- 0.384; the ALN group: BMD(128.013 +/- 16.040) mg/cc, Tb.Th (0.097 +/- 0.011) mm, Tb.Sp (0.376 +/- 0.104) mm, BVF 0.281 +/- 0.024, SMI 0.753 +/- 0.307. In the ovariectomized mice experiments, both recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein and ALN significantly inhibited ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Compared to the control group (PBS), the recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein group showed increased distal femur BMD and decreased trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), whereas the control group had significantly decreased distal femur BMD, significantly decreased Tb.Th, and increased Tb.Sp. There was a significant difference in bone volume fraction among the groups. The TRAP-positive osteoclasts in distal femur bone slices were nearly complete inhibited for Recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein group and alendronate group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vivo, recombinant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB protein effectively inhibits the activity of osteoclasts and the resulting bone loss, which has a similar effect as alendronate.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Bone Density , Diphosphonates , Therapeutic Uses , Osteoporosis , Diagnostic Imaging , Drug Therapy , Ovariectomy , Radiography , Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are in great need. In the present study, we compared the serum protein profiles of patients with small RCC to those of healthy individuals to identify the differentially expressed proteins with potential to serve as biomarkers. Serum samples were collected from 10 patients with small RCC and 10 healthy individuals. The serum protein expression profiles were analyzed by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Twenty-seven proteins with differences in expression levels between RCC patients and healthy volunteers were identified. Of these, 19 were expressed at different levels and eight were expressed in serum from the RCC group, but not from the control group. Six differentially expressed proteins identified by using mass spectrometry included coagulation factor XIII B, complement C3 and its precursor, misato homolog 1 (isoform CRA_b), hemopexin, and alpha-1-B-glycoprotein. Some of these serum proteins are known regulators of tumor progression in human malignancies. In conclusion, we successfully applied 2-D gel electrophoresis and identified six serum proteins differentially expressed between patients with small RCC and healthy volunteers. These proteins may provide novel biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of human RCC.
Subject(s)
Aged , Blood Proteins/chemistry , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism , Case-Control Studies , Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Kidney Neoplasms/blood , Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism , Male , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Middle Aged , Protein Isoforms , Trypsin/chemistry , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on glomerulosclerosis induced by Ang II.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rat mesangial cells were exposed to 100 nmol L(-1) Ang II. Meanwhile, we added S. miltiorrhiza injection of different concentrations to Mcs. PAI-1 mRNA and protein, TGF-beta1 in serum free MEM medium, and the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>S. miltiorrhiza notably attenuated Ang II induced expression of PAI-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, S. miltiorrhiza suppressed the production of TGF-beta1 and cellular ROS in mesangial cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>S. miltiorrhiza can alleviate glomerular sclerosis. The renoprotective effects of S. miltiorrhiza may be due to its ability to decrease Ang II -induced PAI-1 and TGF-beta1 secretion and cellular ROS level.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Angiotensin II , Pharmacology , Blotting, Western , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Gene Expression , Injections , Mesangial Cells , Metabolism , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Chemistry , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Blood , Bodily SecretionsABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of GuiFu capsule on sexual hormone and other relative factors in rats with endometriosis.Methods: Endometriosis was induced in rats by surgery of self-endometrium transplant.Rats with successful models were randomized into GuiFu capsule group and Danazol group.Expressions of ER,PR,VEGF and NK cells were examined by immunohistochemical stainin;the level of E2 and P was detected by radioimmunoassay.Results: GuiFu capsule can reduce the level of E2 and P in the blood of rats(P